Denmark’s Military Reinforcement Strategy Through 2033
Overview of Defense Investments
Denmark’s government has announced a substantial defense expenditure plan, committing 88 billion Danish kroner (approximately $13.7 billion) through 2033. This initiative aims to enhance Denmark’s military capabilities amid growing geopolitical tensions, particularly due to NATO obligations and perceived threats from Russia.
Expansion of the F-35 Fleet
A significant portion of the budget, 29 billion kroner, is earmarked for the acquisition of an additional 16 F-35 stealth fighter jets. This procurement will elevate Denmark’s total intended fleet to 43 aircraft, thereby bolstering its air combat resources. As it currently operates 15 F-35s, with an existing order for 27 set to be delivered by 2026, this expansion is a pivotal element of Denmark’s military modernization efforts.
Gen. Michael Hyldgaard, Denmark’s Chief of Defence, emphasized that “expanding the fleet of F-35 fighter jets is a key decision in the buildup of the Danish Armed Forces.”
Strategic Defense Budget Adjustments
In alignment with NATO’s expectations, Denmark plans to increase its defense expenditure to over 3% of GDP for 2025 and 2026. Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen has highlighted the urgent need for military rearmament within the European Union, asserting that inadequate self-defense capacity would be detrimental to the continent’s security.
The Danish Ministry of Defense (MoD) will begin discussions with the F-35 Joint Program Office to explore options for accelerating the delivery schedule of the new aircraft.
Air Defense and Ground Assets
Ground-Based Air Defense
The budget allocates 27.8 billion kroner for ground-based air defense systems, supplementing an existing 30 billion kroner commitment. This will establish a comprehensive air defense budget of 58 billion kroner, facilitating the acquisition of eight medium- and long-range missile systems.
Combat Aircraft and Innovation
Additionally, Denmark intends to procure Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA), which could serve as supplementary weapons platforms or reconnaissance tools under the tactical jurisdiction of F-35 pilots. Such innovations reflect a broader trend in military strategy toward unmanned systems complementing traditional aerial capabilities.
Enhanced Arctic Operations
Denmark plans to direct 27.4 billion kroner toward fortifying its defense posture in the Arctic and North Atlantic. This includes the procurement of two Arctic-capable patrol vessels and maritime patrol aircraft—potentially in alliance with NATO partners. The U.S. Poseidon-8, known for its advanced surveillance capabilities, is being considered for this role.
In efforts to strengthen surveillance, Denmark will also establish an air-warning radar in eastern Greenland and collaborate with Sikuki Nuuk Harbour A/S to develop a dedicated naval facility in Nuuk.
Emerging Technologies
A further allocation of 2.1 billion kroner will be designated for developing drone surveillance and counter-drone solutions. Recent events involving unidentified drones over Denmark led to a request for anti-drone assistance from NATO allies to secure future high-profile events.
Infantry and Armored Vehicles
Denmark’s future battlefield capabilities will also receive an upgrade, with plans to procure 44 new infantry fighting vehicles while forgoing a previous plan to refurbish an equivalent number of existing CV90 units. The Danish government will phase out outdated vehicles, repurposing them for spare parts to enhance logistical efficiency.
Conclusion
Denmark’s comprehensive military spending plan underscores a strategic shift towards bolstering national and regional defense capabilities. By investing in advanced aircraft, missile systems, and Arctic readiness, Denmark is positioning itself for a robust defense posture, aligning closely with NATO’s strategic goals and addressing emerging security challenges in the Northern European theater.
