Advancements in Naval Autonomy: The Blue Whale Agreement between IAI and HAI

On May 7th, during the DEFEA defense exhibition in Athens, Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) unveiled a significant partnership with the Hellenic Aerospace Industry (HAI). This collaboration aims to deliver the advanced BlueWhale autonomous submarine system to the Hellenic Navy, marking a noteworthy advancement in naval technology.

Collaboration Between Air and Naval Technologies

While it may appear counterintuitive for two aerospace firms to collaborate on a maritime asset, this relationship is grounded in substantial expertise. Dror Bar, IAI’s Executive Vice President and CEO of ELTA, articulated that the synergies derived from nearly four decades of experience with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been instrumental in the development of the BlueWhale unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV).

Dr. Bar emphasized that the BlueWhale represents a leap forward in autonomous vehicle capabilities. With its origins in the innovations pioneered by IAI, particularly in UAV technology since the 1980s, it positions IAI as a frontrunner in the domain of unmanned undersea systems.

Strategic Advantages for the Hellenic Navy

The BlueWhale offers several strategic benefits for Greece, a nation characterized by its intricate maritime landscape and numerous islands:

• Cost Efficiency: Operating costs for the BlueWhale are approximately tenfold lower than those for manned submarines, significantly reducing financial burdens while enhancing operational capabilities.
• Closer Shore Access: The UUV can operate as near as 10 to 15 meters from the coastline—an advantage over manned submarines, which must maintain a safer distance.
• Modular Design: Tailored for versatility, the BlueWhale can be outfitted with various mission modules for roles including intelligence gathering, reconnaissance, anti-submarine warfare, and mine detection. Its special mast allows for the attachment of diverse sensors, spanning optical, radar, and electronic intelligence applications.

Specifications indicate that the BlueWhale has a length of 10.9 meters, a diameter of 1.12 meters, and a total weight of 5.5 tonnes. It boasts an operational range of 10 to 30 days depending on its mission profile, with speeds ranging from 2-3 knots, and a maximum speed of 7 knots when submerged. Additionally, it can be conveniently transported within a standard 40-foot shipping container.

Proven Success and Ongoing Negotiations

ELTA has invested substantial resources into developing the BlueWhale, currently engaged in negotiations with multiple navies, including Germany’s. The German Navy recently conducted rigorous testing of the BlueWhale, yielding positive results that affirm its capabilities in challenging environments.

In addition to the BlueWhale, ELTA has deployed another autonomous solution called "RobDozer"—a combat bulldozer used successfully in Gaza. This innovation illustrates the evolving landscape of military operations, as unmanned systems increasingly complement ground forces.

Broader Implications for Defense Technology

The discussions with Dr. Bar also delved into IAI’s primary focus on radar technologies, notably the Green Pine Radar. This system has proven critical in Israel’s defense architecture, particularly against a barrage of over 30,000 missiles targeting civilian jurisdictions. Remarkably, none of the long-range ballistic missiles succeeded in causing disruption, underscoring the efficacy of IAI systems in threat detection and engagement.

IAI is now extending its advanced radar technologies to support Greece’s "Achilles Shield" layered air defense system. Proposed offerings include the Multi-Mission Radar (MMR), capable of detecting a wide array of threats, including ballistic missiles and aerial drones, thereby enhancing Greece’s situational awareness and defensive posture.

Tailored Solutions for Greece’s Unique Landscape

Given Greece’s unique geographical challenges, including a multitude of islands, IAI’s modular defense solutions can be customized to meet local operational demands. The final determination of sensor and effectors deployment rests with Greek authorities, ensuring that both military and political considerations inform the defense strategy.

IAI’s commitment to local partnership is evident, particularly through its acquisition of Intracom Defense and the establishment of Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) with multiple Greek defense firms. By aligning with Greek industry, IAI is poised to support the nation’s aspiration for autonomy in aerospace and defense systems, meeting targets for local content as stipulated by Greek leadership.

Conclusion

The BlueWhale initiative epitomizes a forward-thinking approach in defense collaboration, merging aerospace innovation with naval autonomy. As global military paradigms shift towards increased automation and operational efficiency, partnerships like that of IAI and HAI will play a crucial role in shaping the future of maritime defense systems.