Advancements in Loitering Munition Technology: Poongsan’s MUF Series and MCD-7 Drones

At the recent exhibition in Seoul, South Korean defense manufacturer Poongsan unveiled its current developments in loitering munitions, particularly the MUF-1 and MUF-2 systems. The display notably included a pick-up truck outfitted with a module capable of deploying multiple Multi-Purpose Combat 7 drones, designated as MCD-7.

Overview of Poongsan’s Munition Innovations

MUF Series: A New Generation of Tube-Launched Munitions

Poongsan has been actively advancing its ammunition technology, having first presented the concept for its MCD system two years ago at the ADEX exhibition, alongside the Aerial Munition Attack Drone (AMAD). The MUF—Motor Using Fixed-wing—loitering munition is designed to enhance operational capabilities through remote control mechanisms.

• MUF-1: Specifications and Capabilities
  • Mass: 5 kg
  • Warhead: 1.5 kg pre-forged fragment high-explosive
  • Primary Targets: Soft-skinned vehicles and dismounted troops
  • Operational Altitude: 300 meters
  • Endurance: 30 minutes
  • Range: 8 km
  • Launch Mechanism: Tube-launched, with folding wings for compact transport

The MUF-1 functions by loitering at altitude while receiving commands from a ground command post, optimizing accuracy and responsiveness in mission execution.

Developments in MUF-2: Enhanced Combat Functionality

The MUF-2 represents a significant upgrade over the MUF-1, with increased mass and payload aimed primarily at armored targets:

• Mass: 10 kg
• Payload: 3 kg shaped charge warhead
• Operational Altitude: 500 meters
• Range: 20 km
• Endurance: 30 minutes

The MUF-2 employs a cruciform wing design, enhancing maneuverability during its terminal dive phase, particularly important when engaging faster-moving targets. This system can be deployed by individual soldiers but is ideally suited for mounting on light vehicles, effectively increasing firepower on the battlefield.

MCD-7 Drones: Versatility on the Move

At ADEX 2025, Poongsan also highlighted its modular MCD-7 system, suitable for integration onto a pick-up truck.

• Specifications:
  • Take-off Mass: 7 kg
  • Warhead Weight: 3 kg
  • Endurance: 30 minutes
  • Range: 10 km
  • Operating Modes: Capable of ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance) missions as well as fire support

The MCD-7 features a vertical take-off design powered by dual electric motors and possesses the versatility to engage in swarm operations alongside the MUF systems.

Launcher Configuration and Tactical Integration

The MCD-7 is equipped with a unique modular launcher featuring a sliding roof, facilitating the launch of up to eight drones, even from a moving vehicle. Tests confirm operational capability at speeds up to 80 km/h. Static launching configurations allow for additional drones to deploy once the vehicle is stationary.

• Launcher Design:
  • Two rows of four launch tubes handle pneumatic expulsion of MCD-7 units.
  • Side launchers open for drone deployment while stationary, ensuring versatile operational tactics.

Overall, the integration of up to 20 MCD-7 drones into a single light 4×4 vehicle arrangement ensures substantial tactical flexibility and firepower enhancement.

Future Prospects

The MUF-1 is advanced in its development, with prototypes already in flight testing. Poongsan aims to fulfill a requirement from the Republic of Korea Army, with expectations for a formal tender by early 2027. Meanwhile, the MUF-2 is still in the early stages of development, with its inaugural flight planned for early 2026.

As Poongsan continues to innovate in loitering munition technologies, these systems promise to adapt to the evolving demands of modern warfare, emphasizing increased mobility, precision, and tactical versatility.